Summary: 4-alpha-glucanotransferase
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This is the Wikipedia entry entitled "Glycoside hydrolase family 77". More...
Glycoside hydrolase family 77 Edit Wikipedia article
Glyco_hydro_77 | |||||||||
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![]() structure determination and refinement at 1.8 a resolution of disproportionating enzyme from potato | |||||||||
Identifiers | |||||||||
Symbol | Glyco_hydro_77 | ||||||||
Pfam | PF02446 | ||||||||
Pfam clan | CL0058 | ||||||||
InterPro | IPR003385 | ||||||||
SCOPe | 1cwy / SUPFAM | ||||||||
CAZy | GH77 | ||||||||
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In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 77 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families.[1][2][3] This classification is available on the CAZy web site,[4][5] and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.[6][7]
The enzymes in this family have amylomaltase or 4-α-glucanotransferase activity (EC 2.4.1.25) CAZY GH_77, they transfer a segment of a (1,4)-alpha-D-glucan to a new 4-position in an acceptor, which may be glucose or (1,4)-alpha-D-glucan.[8] They belong to the disproportionating family of enzymes.
References
- ^ Henrissat B, Callebaut I, Fabrega S, Lehn P, Mornon JP, Davies G (July 1995). "Conserved catalytic machinery and the prediction of a common fold for several families of glycosyl hydrolases". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 92 (15): 7090–4. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.15.7090. PMC 41477. PMID 7624375.
- ^ Davies G, Henrissat B (September 1995). "Structures and mechanisms of glycosyl hydrolases". Structure. 3 (9): 853–9. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(01)00220-9. PMID 8535779.
- ^ Henrissat B, Bairoch A (June 1996). "Updating the sequence-based classification of glycosyl hydrolases". The Biochemical Journal. 316 (Pt 2): 695–6. doi:10.1042/bj3160695. PMC 1217404. PMID 8687420.
- ^ "Home". CAZy.org. Retrieved 2018-03-06.
- ^ Lombard V, Golaconda Ramulu H, Drula E, Coutinho PM, Henrissat B (January 2014). "The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013". Nucleic Acids Research. 42 (Database issue): D490–5. doi:10.1093/nar/gkt1178. PMC 3965031. PMID 24270786.
- ^ "Glycoside Hydrolase Family 77". CAZypedia.org. Retrieved 2018-03-06.
- ^ CAZypedia Consortium (December 2018). "Ten years of CAZypedia: a living encyclopedia of carbohydrate-active enzymes" (PDF). Glycobiology. 28 (1): 3–8. doi:10.1093/glycob/cwx089. PMID 29040563.
- ^ Okada S, Takaha T, Yanase M, Smith SM (1993). "Disproportionating enzyme (4-alpha-glucanotransferase; EC 2.4.1.25) of potato. Purification, molecular cloning, and potential role in starch metabolism". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (2): 1391–1396. PMID 7678257.
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This tab holds the annotation information that is stored in the Pfam database. As we move to using Wikipedia as our main source of annotation, the contents of this tab will be gradually replaced by the Wikipedia tab.
4-alpha-glucanotransferase Provide feedback
These enzymes EC:2.4.1.25 transfer a segment of a (1,4)-alpha-D-glucan to a new 4-position in an acceptor, which may be glucose or (1,4)-alpha-D-glucan [1].
Literature references
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Takaha T, Yanase M, Okada S, Smith SM; , J Biol Chem 1993;268:1391-1396.: Disproportionating enzyme (4-alpha-glucanotransferase; EC 2.4.1.25) of potato. Purification, molecular cloning, and potential role in starch metabolism. PUBMED:7678257 EPMC:7678257
External database links
CAZY: | GH77 |
SCOP: | 1cwy |
This tab holds annotation information from the InterPro database.
InterPro entry IPR003385
4-alpha-glucanotransferases (EC) belong to the glycoside hydrolase family 77 CAZY. They transfer a segment of a (1,4)-alpha-D-glucan to a new 4-position in an acceptor, which may be glucose or (1,4)-alpha-D-glucan [PUBMED:7678257]. 4-alpha-glucanotransferases from prokaryotes are known as amylomaltases and those from plants, including algae, are known as disproportionating enzymes (DPE). Both belong to the disproportionating family [PUBMED:26006747].
Gene Ontology
The mapping between Pfam and Gene Ontology is provided by InterPro. If you use this data please cite InterPro.
Molecular function | 4-alpha-glucanotransferase activity (GO:0004134) |
Biological process | carbohydrate metabolic process (GO:0005975) |
Domain organisation
Below is a listing of the unique domain organisations or architectures in which this domain is found. More...
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Pfam Clan
This family is a member of clan Glyco_hydro_tim (CL0058), which has the following description:
This large superfamily contains a range of glycosyl hydrolase enzymes that possess a TIM barrel fold. This CLAN merges clans GH-A, GH-D, GH-H and GH-K from CAZy.
The clan contains the following 58 members:
Alpha-amylase Alpha_L_fucos Cellulase Cellulase-like Dehydratase_LU DUF1906 DUF4015 DUF4038 DUF4434 DUF4838 DUF4849 DUF5010 DUF5696 GHL10 GHL13 GHL15 GHL5 GHL6 Glyco_hydr_30_2 Glyco_hydro_1 Glyco_hydro_10 Glyco_hydro_101 Glyco_hydro_114 Glyco_hydro_129 Glyco_hydro_14 Glyco_hydro_17 Glyco_hydro_18 Glyco_hydro_20 Glyco_hydro_25 Glyco_hydro_26 Glyco_hydro_2_C Glyco_hydro_3 Glyco_hydro_30 Glyco_hydro_31 Glyco_hydro_35 Glyco_hydro_39 Glyco_hydro_42 Glyco_hydro_44 Glyco_hydro_53 Glyco_hydro_56 Glyco_hydro_59 Glyco_hydro_66 Glyco_hydro_70 Glyco_hydro_71 Glyco_hydro_72 Glyco_hydro_77 Glyco_hydro_79n Glyco_hydro_85 Glyco_hydro_97 Glyco_hydro_99 Glyco_hydro_cc Glyco_tran_WbsX hDGE_amylase Melibiase Melibiase_2 NAGidase NAGLU Raffinose_synAlignments
We store a range of different sequence alignments for families. As well as the seed alignment from which the family is built, we provide the full alignment, generated by searching the sequence database (reference proteomes) using the family HMM. We also generate alignments using four representative proteomes (RP) sets, the UniProtKB sequence database, the NCBI sequence database, and our metagenomics sequence database. More...
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We make a range of alignments for each Pfam-A family. You can see a description of each above. You can view these alignments in various ways but please note that some types of alignment are never generated while others may not be available for all families, most commonly because the alignments are too large to handle.
Seed (402) |
Full (4543) |
Representative proteomes | UniProt (22209) |
NCBI (35329) |
Meta (759) |
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RP15 (628) |
RP35 (2348) |
RP55 (4477) |
RP75 (7866) |
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Jalview | |||||||||
HTML | |||||||||
PP/heatmap | 1 |
1Cannot generate PP/Heatmap alignments for seeds; no PP data available
Key:
available,
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Seed (402) |
Full (4543) |
Representative proteomes | UniProt (22209) |
NCBI (35329) |
Meta (759) |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RP15 (628) |
RP35 (2348) |
RP55 (4477) |
RP75 (7866) |
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Raw Stockholm | |||||||||
Gzipped |
You can also download a FASTA format file containing the full-length sequences for all sequences in the full alignment.
HMM logo
HMM logos is one way of visualising profile HMMs. Logos provide a quick overview of the properties of an HMM in a graphical form. You can see a more detailed description of HMM logos and find out how you can interpret them here. More...
Trees
This page displays the phylogenetic tree for this family's seed alignment. We use FastTree to calculate neighbour join trees with a local bootstrap based on 100 resamples (shown next to the tree nodes). FastTree calculates approximately-maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees from our seed alignment.
Note: You can also download the data file for the tree.
Curation and family details
This section shows the detailed information about the Pfam family. You can see the definitions of many of the terms in this section in the glossary and a fuller explanation of the scoring system that we use in the scores section of the help pages.
Curation
Seed source: | Pfam-B_1924 (release 5.4) |
Previous IDs: | 4A_glucanotrans; 4a_glucanotrans; |
Type: | Domain |
Sequence Ontology: | SO:0000417 |
Author: |
Bateman A |
Number in seed: | 402 |
Number in full: | 4543 |
Average length of the domain: | 467.00 aa |
Average identity of full alignment: | 28 % |
Average coverage of the sequence by the domain: | 73.47 % |
HMM information
HMM build commands: |
build method: hmmbuild -o /dev/null HMM SEED
search method: hmmsearch -Z 47079205 -E 1000 --cpu 4 HMM pfamseq
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Model details: |
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Model length: | 468 | ||||||||||||
Family (HMM) version: | 18 | ||||||||||||
Download: | download the raw HMM for this family |
Species distribution
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Structures
For those sequences which have a structure in the Protein DataBank, we use the mapping between UniProt, PDB and Pfam coordinate systems from the PDBe group, to allow us to map Pfam domains onto UniProt sequences and three-dimensional protein structures. The table below shows the structures on which the Glyco_hydro_77 domain has been found. There are 32 instances of this domain found in the PDB. Note that there may be multiple copies of the domain in a single PDB structure, since many structures contain multiple copies of the same protein sequence.
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