Summary: Somatostatin/Cortistatin family
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This is the Wikipedia entry entitled "Somatostatin family". More...
Somatostatin family Edit Wikipedia article
Somatostatin/cortistatin family | |||||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||||
Symbol | Somatostatin | ||||||||||
Pfam | PF03002 | ||||||||||
InterPro | IPR004250 | ||||||||||
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The somatostatin family is a protein family with somatostatin as titular member, a hormone which inhibits the release of the pituitary somatotropin (growth hormone) and inhibits the release of glucagon and insulin from the pancreas of fasted animals. Cortistatin is a cortical neuropeptide with neuronal depressant and sleep-modulating properties.[1]
Human proteins from this family
- Cortistatin (CORT)
- Somatostatin (SST)
References
- ^ De Lecea L, Danielson PE, Criado JR, Prospero-garcia O, Gautvik KM, Schweitzer P, Dunlop CL, Siggins GR, Henriksen SJ, Sutcliffe JG (1996). "A cortical neuropeptide with neuronal depressant and sleep-modulating properties". Nature. 381 (6579): 242–245. doi:10.1038/381242a0. PMID 8622767.
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This tab holds the annotation information that is stored in the Pfam database. As we move to using Wikipedia as our main source of annotation, the contents of this tab will be gradually replaced by the Wikipedia tab.
Somatostatin/Cortistatin family Provide feedback
Members of this family are hormones. Somatostatin inhibits the release of somatotropin. Cortistatin is a peptide that is related to the Somatostatins that is found to depresses neuronal electrical activity but, unlike somatostatin, induces low-frequency waves in the cerebral cortex and antagonises the effects of acetylcholine on hippocampal and cortical measures of excitability [1].
Literature references
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de Lecea L, Criado JR, Prospero-Garcia O, Gautvik KM, Schweitzer P, Danielson PE, Dunlop CL, Siggins GR, Henriksen SJ, Sutcliffe JG; , Nature 1996;381:242-245.: A cortical neuropeptide with neuronal depressant and sleep-modulating properties. PUBMED:8622767 EPMC:8622767
This tab holds annotation information from the InterPro database.
InterPro entry IPR018142
This entry represents the C-terminal region of somatostatin and cortistatin.
Somatostatin inhibits the release of the pituitary growth hormone, somatotropin and inhibits the release of glucagon and insulin from the pancreas of fasted animals. Cortistatin is a cortical neuropeptide with neuronal depressant and sleep-modulating properties [ PUBMED:8622767 ].
Gene Ontology
The mapping between Pfam and Gene Ontology is provided by InterPro. If you use this data please cite InterPro.
Cellular component | extracellular region (GO:0005576) |
Molecular function | hormone activity (GO:0005179) |
Domain organisation
Below is a listing of the unique domain organisations or architectures in which this domain is found. More...
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Alignments
We store a range of different sequence alignments for families. As well as the seed alignment from which the family is built, we provide the full alignment, generated by searching the sequence database (reference proteomes) using the family HMM. We also generate alignments using four representative proteomes (RP) sets and the UniProtKB sequence database. More...
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We make a range of alignments for each Pfam-A family. You can see a description of each above. You can view these alignments in various ways but please note that some types of alignment are never generated while others may not be available for all families, most commonly because the alignments are too large to handle.
Seed (5) |
Full (538) |
Representative proteomes | UniProt (920) |
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RP15 (37) |
RP35 (176) |
RP55 (479) |
RP75 (615) |
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PP/heatmap | 1 |
1Cannot generate PP/Heatmap alignments for seeds; no PP data available
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Seed (5) |
Full (538) |
Representative proteomes | UniProt (920) |
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RP15 (37) |
RP35 (176) |
RP55 (479) |
RP75 (615) |
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Raw Stockholm | |||||||
Gzipped |
You can also download a FASTA format file containing the full-length sequences for all sequences in the full alignment.
HMM logo
HMM logos is one way of visualising profile HMMs. Logos provide a quick overview of the properties of an HMM in a graphical form. You can see a more detailed description of HMM logos and find out how you can interpret them here. More...
Trees
This page displays the phylogenetic tree for this family's seed alignment. We use FastTree to calculate neighbour join trees with a local bootstrap based on 100 resamples (shown next to the tree nodes). FastTree calculates approximately-maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees from our seed alignment.
Note: You can also download the data file for the tree.
Curation and family details
This section shows the detailed information about the Pfam family. You can see the definitions of many of the terms in this section in the glossary and a fuller explanation of the scoring system that we use in the scores section of the help pages.
Curation
Seed source: | Pfam-B_1891 (release 6.4) |
Previous IDs: | none |
Type: | Family |
Sequence Ontology: | SO:0100021 |
Author: |
Bateman A |
Number in seed: | 5 |
Number in full: | 538 |
Average length of the domain: | 17.80 aa |
Average identity of full alignment: | 80 % |
Average coverage of the sequence by the domain: | 13.76 % |
HMM information
HMM build commands: |
build method: hmmbuild -o /dev/null HMM SEED
search method: hmmsearch -Z 57096847 -E 1000 --cpu 4 HMM pfamseq
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Model details: |
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Model length: | 18 | ||||||||||||
Family (HMM) version: | 17 | ||||||||||||
Download: | download the raw HMM for this family |
Species distribution
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Structures
For those sequences which have a structure in the Protein DataBank, we use the mapping between UniProt, PDB and Pfam coordinate systems from the PDBe group, to allow us to map Pfam domains onto UniProt sequences and three-dimensional protein structures. The table below shows the structures on which the Somatostatin domain has been found. There are 1 instances of this domain found in the PDB. Note that there may be multiple copies of the domain in a single PDB structure, since many structures contain multiple copies of the same protein sequence.
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