Summary: ArsC family
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This is the Wikipedia entry entitled "Ars operon". More...
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ArsC family Provide feedback
This family is related to glutaredoxins PF00462.
Internal database links
SCOOP: | DUF1687 DUF5039 Glutaredoxin GST_N_3 |
Similarity to PfamA using HHSearch: | Glutaredoxin |
External database links
SCOP: | 1i9d |
This tab holds annotation information from the InterPro database.
InterPro entry IPR006660
Several bacterial taxon have a chromosomal resistance system, encoded by the ars operon, for the detoxification of arsenate, arsenite, and antimonite [PUBMED:7860609]. This system transports arsenite and antimonite out of the cell. The pump is composed of two polypeptides, the products of the arsA and arsB genes. This two-subunit enzyme produces resistance to arsenite and antimonite. Arsenate, however, must first be reduced to arsenite before it is extruded. A third gene, arsC, expands the substrate specificity to allow for arsenate pumping and resistance. ArsC is an approximately 150-residue arsenate reductase that uses reduced glutathione (GSH) to convert arsenate to arsenite with a redox active cysteine residue in the active site. ArsC forms an active quaternary complex with GSH, arsenate, and glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1). The three ligands must be present simultaneously for reduction to occur [PUBMED:9261111].
The arsC family also comprises the Spx proteins which are GRAM-positive bacterial transcription factors that regulate the transcription of multiple genes in response to disulphide stress [PUBMED:15028674].
The arsC protein structure has been solved [PUBMED:11709171]. It belongs to the thioredoxin superfamily fold which is defined by a beta-sheet core surrounded by alpha-helices. The active cysteine residue of ArsC is located in the loop between the first beta-strand and the first helix, which is also conserved in the Spx protein and its homologues.
Domain organisation
Below is a listing of the unique domain organisations or architectures in which this domain is found. More...
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Pfam Clan
This family is a member of clan Thioredoxin (CL0172), which has the following description:
This clan contains families related to the thioredoxin family. Thioredoxins are small enzymes that are involved in redox reactions via the reversible oxidation of an active centre disulfide bond. The thioredoxin fold consists of a 3 layer alpha/beta/alpha sandwich and a central beta sheet.
The clan contains the following 62 members:
2Fe-2S_thioredx AhpC-TSA AhpC-TSA_2 ArsC ArsD Calsequestrin DIM1 DSBA DUF1223 DUF1462 DUF1525 DUF1687 DUF2703 DUF2847 DUF4174 DUF836 DUF899 DUF953 ERp29_N GILT Glutaredoxin GSHPx GST_N GST_N_2 GST_N_3 GST_N_4 GST_N_5 HyaE KaiB L51_S25_CI-B8 MRP-S23 MRP-S25 OST3_OST6 Phe_hydrox_dim Phosducin QSOX_Trx1 Rdx Redoxin SCO1-SenC SelP_N Sep15_SelM SH3BGR T4_deiodinase Thioredox_DsbH Thioredoxin Thioredoxin_11 Thioredoxin_12 Thioredoxin_13 Thioredoxin_14 Thioredoxin_15 Thioredoxin_16 Thioredoxin_2 Thioredoxin_3 Thioredoxin_4 Thioredoxin_5 Thioredoxin_6 Thioredoxin_7 Thioredoxin_8 Thioredoxin_9 Tom37 TraF YtfJ_HI0045Alignments
We store a range of different sequence alignments for families. As well as the seed alignment from which the family is built, we provide the full alignment, generated by searching the sequence database (reference proteomes) using the family HMM. We also generate alignments using four representative proteomes (RP) sets, the UniProtKB sequence database, the NCBI sequence database, and our metagenomics sequence database. More...
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We make a range of alignments for each Pfam-A family. You can see a description of each above. You can view these alignments in various ways but please note that some types of alignment are never generated while others may not be available for all families, most commonly because the alignments are too large to handle.
Seed (34) |
Full (8877) |
Representative proteomes | UniProt (44019) |
NCBI (51231) |
Meta (872) |
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RP15 (838) |
RP35 (3687) |
RP55 (8805) |
RP75 (16643) |
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PP/heatmap | 1 |
1Cannot generate PP/Heatmap alignments for seeds; no PP data available
Key:
available,
not generated,
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We make all of our alignments available in Stockholm format. You can download them here as raw, plain text files or as gzip-compressed files.
Seed (34) |
Full (8877) |
Representative proteomes | UniProt (44019) |
NCBI (51231) |
Meta (872) |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RP15 (838) |
RP35 (3687) |
RP55 (8805) |
RP75 (16643) |
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Raw Stockholm | |||||||||
Gzipped |
You can also download a FASTA format file containing the full-length sequences for all sequences in the full alignment.
HMM logo
HMM logos is one way of visualising profile HMMs. Logos provide a quick overview of the properties of an HMM in a graphical form. You can see a more detailed description of HMM logos and find out how you can interpret them here. More...
Trees
This page displays the phylogenetic tree for this family's seed alignment. We use FastTree to calculate neighbour join trees with a local bootstrap based on 100 resamples (shown next to the tree nodes). FastTree calculates approximately-maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees from our seed alignment.
Note: You can also download the data file for the tree.
Curation and family details
This section shows the detailed information about the Pfam family. You can see the definitions of many of the terms in this section in the glossary and a fuller explanation of the scoring system that we use in the scores section of the help pages.
Curation
Seed source: | COG1393 |
Previous IDs: | none |
Type: | Family |
Sequence Ontology: | SO:0100021 |
Author: |
Bateman A |
Number in seed: | 34 |
Number in full: | 8877 |
Average length of the domain: | 105.60 aa |
Average identity of full alignment: | 20 % |
Average coverage of the sequence by the domain: | 85.30 % |
HMM information
HMM build commands: |
build method: hmmbuild -o /dev/null --hand HMM SEED
search method: hmmsearch -Z 47079205 -E 1000 --cpu 4 HMM pfamseq
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Model details: |
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Model length: | 64 | ||||||||||||
Family (HMM) version: | 16 | ||||||||||||
Download: | download the raw HMM for this family |
Species distribution
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Interactions
Structures
For those sequences which have a structure in the Protein DataBank, we use the mapping between UniProt, PDB and Pfam coordinate systems from the PDBe group, to allow us to map Pfam domains onto UniProt sequences and three-dimensional protein structures. The table below shows the structures on which the ArsC domain has been found. There are 29 instances of this domain found in the PDB. Note that there may be multiple copies of the domain in a single PDB structure, since many structures contain multiple copies of the same protein sequence.
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