Summary: Opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr) conserved region

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OGFr Edit Wikipedia article

Opioid growth factor receptor

Identifiers

Symbol

OGFR

External IDs

OMIM: 606459 MGI: 1919325 HomoloGene: 7199 GeneCards: OGFR Gene

Gene ontology
Molecular function	• opioid receptor activity
Cellular component	• cellular_component • nucleus • cytoplasm • membrane
Biological process	• regulation of cell growth • opioid receptor signaling pathway
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 20:
61.44 – 61.45 Mb

Chr 2:
180.59 – 180.6 Mb

PubMed search

[1]

[2]

Opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr) conserved region

Identifiers

Symbol

OGFr_N

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

Opioid growth factor receptor repeat

Identifiers

Symbol

OGFr_III

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

Opioid growth factor receptor, also known as OGFr or the ζ-opioid receptor, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the OGFR gene.^[1]^[2] The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor for opioid growth factor (OGF), also known as [Met(5)]-enkephalin. The endogenous ligand is thus a known opioid peptide, and OGFr was originally discovered and named as a new opioid receptor zeta (ζ). However it was subsequently found that it shares little sequence homology with the other opioid receptors, and has quite different function.

Function

The natural function of this receptor appears to be in regulation of tissue growth,^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6] and it has been shown to be important in embryonic development,^[7] wound repair,^[8] and certain forms of cancer.^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]

OGF is a negative regulator of cell proliferation and tissue organization in a variety of processes. The encoded unbound receptor for OGF has been localized to the outer nuclear envelope, where it binds OGF and is translocated into the nucleus. The coding sequence of this gene contains a polymorphic region of 60 nt tandem imperfect repeat units. Several transcripts containing between zero and eight repeat units have been reported.^[1]

Therapeutic applications

Upregulation of OGFr and consequent stimulation of the OGF-OGFr system are important for the anti-proliferative effects of imidazoquinoline drugs like imiquimod and resiquimod, which are immune response modifiers with potent antiviral and antitumour effects, used as topical creams for the treatment of skin cancers and warts.^[13]

Structure

OGF contains a conserved N-terminal domain followed by a series of imperfect repeats.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: OGFR opioid growth factor receptor".
^ Zagon IS, Verderame MF, Allen SS, McLaughlin PJ (February 2000). "Cloning, sequencing, chromosomal location, and function of cDNAs encoding an opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr) in humans". Brain Res. 856 (1-2): 75–83. doi:10.1016/S0006-8993(99)02330-6. PMID 10677613.
^ Wu Y, McLaughlin PJ, Zagon IS (April 1998). "Ontogeny of the opioid growth factor, Met5-enkephalin, preproenkephalin gene expression, and the zeta opioid receptor in the developing and adult aorta of rat". Dev. Dyn. 211 (4): 327–37. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0177(199804)211:4<327::AID-AJA4>3.0.CO;2-J. PMID 9566952.
^ ^a ^b Zagon IS, Verderame MF, McLaughlin PJ (February 2002). "The biology of the opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr)". Brain Research. Brain Research Reviews 38 (3): 351–76. doi:10.1016/S0165-0173(01)00160-6. PMID 11890982.
^ Malendowicz LK, Rebuffat P, Tortorella C, Nussdorfer GG, Ziolkowska A, Hochol A (May 2005). "Effects of met-enkephalin on cell proliferation in different models of adrenocortical-cell growth". Int. J. Mol. Med. 15 (5): 841–5. doi:10.3892/ijmm.15.5.841. PMID 15806307.
^ Cheng F, McLaughlin PJ, Verderame MF, Zagon IS (January 2009). "The OGF-OGFr axis utilizes the p16INK4a and p21WAF1/CIP1 pathways to restrict normal cell proliferation". Molecular Biology of the Cell 20 (1): 319–27. doi:10.1091/mbc.E08-07-0681. PMC 2613082. PMID 18923142.
^ Zagon IS, Wu Y, McLaughlin PJ (August 1999). "Opioid growth factor and organ development in rat and human embryos". Brain Res. 839 (2): 313–22. doi:10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01753-9. PMID 10519055.
^ Sassani JW, Zagon IS, McLaughlin PJ (May 2003). "Opioid growth factor modulation of corneal epithelium: uppers and downers". Curr. Eye Res. 26 (5): 249–62. doi:10.1076/ceyr.26.4.249.15427. PMID 12854052.
^ Zagon IS, Smith JP, McLaughlin PJ (March 1999). "Human pancreatic cancer cell proliferation in tissue culture is tonically inhibited by opioid growth factor". Int. J. Oncol. 14 (3): 577–84. doi:10.3892/ijo.14.3.577. PMID 10024694.
^ McLaughlin PJ, Levin RJ, Zagon IS (May 1999). "Regulation of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma growth in tissue culture by opioid growth factor". Int. J. Oncol. 14 (5): 991–8. doi:10.3892/ijo.14.5.991. PMID 10200353.
^ Cheng F, Zagon IS, Verderame MF, McLaughlin PJ (November 2007). "The opioid growth factor (OGF)-OGF receptor axis uses the p16 pathway to inhibit head and neck cancer". Cancer Research 67 (21): 10511–8. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-1922. PMID 17974995.
^ Donahue RN, McLaughlin PJ, Zagon IS (March 2009). "Cell Proliferation of Human Ovarian Cancer is Regulated by the Opioid Growth Factor - Opioid Growth Factor Receptor Axis". American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 296 (6): R1716–25. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00075.2009. PMID 19297547.
^ Zagon IS, Donahue RN, Rogosnitzky M, McLaughlin PJ (August 2008). "Imiquimod upregulates the opioid growth factor receptor to inhibit cell proliferation independent of immune function". Experimental Biology and Medicine (Maywood, N.J.) 233 (8): 968–79. doi:10.3181/0802-RM-58. PMID 18480416.

Zagon IS, Verderame MF, McLaughlin PJ (2002). "The biology of the opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr).". Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev. 38 (3): 351–76. doi:10.1016/S0165-0173(01)00160-6. PMID 11890982.
Zagon IS, Verderame MF, Allen SS, McLaughlin PJ (2000). "Cloning, sequencing, chromosomal location, and function of cDNAs encoding an opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr) in humans.". Brain Res. 856 (1-2): 75–83. doi:10.1016/S0006-8993(99)02330-6. PMID 10677613.
Wu CJ, Yang XF, McLaughlin S, et al. (2000). "Detection of a potent humoral response associated with immune-induced remission of chronic myelogenous leukemia.". J. Clin. Invest. 106 (5): 705–14. doi:10.1172/JCI10196. PMC 381287. PMID 10974024.
Hattori A, Okumura K, Nagase T, et al. (2001). "Characterization of long cDNA clones from human adult spleen.". DNA Res. 7 (6): 357–66. doi:10.1093/dnares/7.6.357. PMID 11214971.
Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, et al. (2002). "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.". Nature 414 (6866): 865–71. doi:10.1038/414865a. PMID 11780052.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Zagon IS, Ruth TB, Leure-duPree AE, et al. (2003). "Immunoelectron microscopic localization of the opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr) and OGF in the cornea.". Brain Res. 967 (1-2): 37–47. doi:10.1016/S0006-8993(02)04172-0. PMID 12650964.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
McLaughlin PJ, Zagon IS (2006). "Progression of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is associated with down-regulation of the opioid growth factor receptor.". Int. J. Oncol. 28 (6): 1577–83. doi:10.3892/ijo.28.6.1577. PMID 16685459.
Zagon IS, McLaughlin PJ (2006). "Opioid growth factor receptor is unaltered with the progression of human pancreatic and colon cancers.". Int. J. Oncol. 29 (2): 489–94. doi:10.3892/ijo.29.2.489. PMID 16820893.
Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, et al. (2006). "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.". Cell 127 (3): 635–48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026. PMID 17081983.
McLaughlin PJ, Verderame MF, Hankins JL, Zagon IS (2007). "Overexpression of the opioid growth factor receptor downregulates cell proliferation of human squamous carcinoma cells of the head and neck.". Int. J. Mol. Med. 19 (3): 421–8. doi:10.3892/ijmm.19.3.421. PMID 17273790.

Cell surface receptor: G protein-coupled receptors

Class A: Rhodopsin like

Neurotransmitter

Adrenergic	α1 (A B D) α2 (A B C) β1 β2 β3

Purinergic	Adenosine (A1 A2A A2B A3) P2Y (1 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14)

Serotonin	(all but 5-HT3) 5-HT1 (A B D E F) 5-HT2 (A B C) 5-HT (4 5A 6 7)

Other	Acetylcholine (M1 M2 M3 M4 M5) Dopamine (D1 D2 D3 D4 D5) Histamine (H1 H2 H3 H4) Melatonin (1A 1B 1C) TAAR (1 2 3 5 6 8 9)

Metabolites and
signaling molecules

Eicosanoid	CysLT (1 2) LTB4 (1 2) FPRL1 OXE Prostaglandin (DP (1 2), EP (1 2 3 4), FP) Prostacyclin Thromboxane

Other	Bile acid Cannabinoid (CB1 CB2, GPR (18 55 119)) EBI2 Estrogen Free fatty acid (1 2 3 4) Lactate Lysophosphatidic acid (1 2 3 4 5 6) Lysophospholipid (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8) Niacin (1 2) Oxoglutarate PAF Sphingosine-1-phosphate (1 2 3 4 5) Succinate

Peptide

Neuropeptide	B/W (1 2) FF (1 2) S Y (1 2 4 5) Neuromedin (B U (1 2)) Neurotensin (1 2)

Other	Anaphylatoxin (C3a C5a) Angiotensin (1 2) Apelin Bombesin (BRS3 GRPR NMBR) Bradykinin (B1 B2) Chemokine Cholecystokinin (A B) Endothelin (A B) Formyl peptide (1 2 3) FSH Galanin (1 2 3) GHB receptor Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1 2) Ghrelin Kisspeptin Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin MAS (1 1L D E F G X1 X2 X3 X4) Melanocortin (1 2 3 4 5) MCHR (1 2) Motilin Opioid (Delta Kappa Mu Nociceptin & Zeta, but not Sigma) Orexin (1 2) Oxytocin Prokineticin (1 2) Prolactin-releasing peptide Relaxin (1 2 3 4) Somatostatin (1 2 3 4 5) Tachykinin (1 2 3) Thyrotropin Thyrotropin-releasing hormone Urotensin-II Vasopressin (1A 1B 2)

Miscellaneous

Orphan	GPR (1 3 4 6 12 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 25 26 27 31 32 33 34 35 37 39 42 44 45 50 52 55 61 62 63 65 68 75 77 78 81 82 83 84 85 87 88 92 101 103 109A 109B 119 120 132 135 137B 139 141 142 146 148 149 150 151 152 153 160 161 162 171 173 174 176 177 182 183)

Other	Adrenomedullin Olfactory Opsin (3 4 5 1LW 1MW 1SW RGR RRH) Protease-activated (1 2 3 4) SREB (1 2 3)

Class B: Secretin like

Orphan	GPR (56 64 97 98 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 123 124 125 126 128 133 143 144 155 157)

Other	Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor (1 2 3) Cadherin (1 2 3) Calcitonin CALCRL CD97 Corticotropin-releasing hormone (1 2) EMR (1 2 3) Glucagon (GR GIPR GLP1R GLP2R) Growth hormone releasing hormone PACAPR1 GPR Latrophilin (1 2 3 ELTD1) Methuselah-like proteins Parathyroid hormone (1 2) Secretin Vasoactive intestinal peptide (1 2)

Class C: Metabotropic glutamate / pheromone

Taste	TAS1R (1 2 3) TAS2R (1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 13 14 16 19 20 30 31 38 39 40 41 42 43 45 46 50 60)

Other	Calcium-sensing receptor GABA B (1 2) Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8)) GPRC6A GPR (156 158 179) RAIG (1 2 3 4)

Class F: Frizzled / Smoothened

Frizzled	Frizzled (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10)

Smoothened	Smoothened

B trdu: iter (nrpl/grfl/cytl/horl), csrc (lgic, enzr, gprc, igsr, intg, nrpr/grfr/cytr), itra (adap, gbpr, mapk), calc, lipd; path (hedp, wntp, tgfp+mapp, notp, jakp, fsap, hipp, tlrp)

This article on a gene on chromosome 20 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR006757

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR006770

This page is based on a Wikipedia article. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

This tab holds the annotation information that is stored in the Pfam database. As we move to using Wikipedia as our main source of annotation, the contents of this tab will be gradually replaced by the Wikipedia tab.

Opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr) conserved region Provide feedback

Opioid peptides act as growth factors in neural and non-neural cells and tissues, in addition to serving in neurotransmission/neuromodulation in the nervous system. The Opioid growth factor receptor is an integral membrane protein associated with the nucleus. The conserved region is situated at the N-terminus of the member proteins with a series of imperfect repeats lying immediately to its C-terminus [1].

Literature references

Zagon IS, Verderame MF, McLaughlin PJ; , Brain Res Brain Res Rev 2002;38:351-376.: The biology of the opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr). PUBMED:11890982 EPMC:11890982

External database links

PANDIT:	PF04664
Pseudofam:	PF04664
SYSTERS:	OGFr_N

This tab holds annotation information from the InterPro database.

InterPro entry IPR006757

Opioid peptides act as growth factors in neural and non-neural cells and tissues, in addition to serving in neurotransmission/neuromodulation in the nervous system. The opioid growth factor receptor is an integral membrane protein associated with the nucleus. This conserved domain is situated at the N terminus of the member proteins with a series of imperfect repeats lying immediately to its C-terminal [PUBMED:11890982].

Gene Ontology

The mapping between Pfam and Gene Ontology is provided by InterPro. If you use this data please cite InterPro.

Cellular component	membrane (GO:0016020)
Molecular function	receptor activity (GO:0004872)

Domain organisation

Below is a listing of the unique domain organisations or architectures in which this domain is found. More...

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Alignments

We store a range of different sequence alignments for families. As well as the seed alignment from which the family is built, we provide the full alignment, generated by searching the sequence database using the family HMM. We also generate alignments using four representative proteomes (RP) sets, the NCBI sequence database, and our metagenomics sequence database. More...

There are various ways to view or download the sequence alignments that we store. We provide several sequence viewers and a plain-text Stockholm-format file for download.

Alignment types

We make a range of alignments for each Pfam-A family:

seed: the curated alignment from which the HMM for the family is built
full: the alignment generated by searching the sequence database using the HMM
RP15/RP35/RP55/RP75: Representative Proteomes (RPs) at 15%, 35%, 55% and 75% co-membership thresholds
NCBI: alignment generated by searching the NCBI sequence database using the family HMM
meta: alignment generated by searching the metagenomics sequence database using the family HMM

Viewing

You can see the alignments as HTML or in three different sequence viewers:

jalview: a Java applet developed at the University of Dundee. You will need Java installed before running jalview
HTML: an HTML page showing the whole alignment.Please note: full Pfam alignments can be very large. These HTML views are extremely large and often cause problems for browsers. Please use either jalview or the Pfam viewer if you have trouble viewing the HTML version
PP/Heatmap: an HTML-based representation of the alignment, coloured according to the posterior-probability (PP) values from the HMM. As for the standard HTML view, heatmap alignments can also be very large and slow to render.
Pfam viewer: an HTML-based viewer that uses DAS to retrieve alignment fragments on request

Reformatting

You can download (or view in your browser) a text representation of a Pfam alignment in various formats:

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Downloading

You may find that large alignments cause problems for the viewers and the reformatting tool, so we also provide all alignments in Stockholm format. You can download either the plain text alignment, or a gzipped version of it.

View options

We make a range of alignments for each Pfam-A family. You can see a description of each above. You can view these alignments in various ways but please note that some types of alignment are never generated while others may not be available for all families, most commonly because the alignments are too large to handle.

	Seed (13)	Full (234)	Representative proteomes				NCBI (217)	Meta (96)
	Seed (13)	Full (234)	RP15 (34)	RP35 (49)	RP55 (73)	RP75 (109)	NCBI (217)	Meta (96)
Jalview	View	View	View	View	View	View	View	View
HTML	View	View	View	View	View	View
PP/heatmap	₁	View	View	View	View	View
Pfam viewer	View	View

¹Cannot generate PP/Heatmap alignments for seeds; no PP data available

Key: available, not generated, — not available.

Format an alignment

	Seed (13)	Full (234)	Representative proteomes				NCBI (217)	Meta (96)
	Seed (13)	Full (234)	RP15 (34)	RP35 (49)	RP55 (73)	RP75 (109)	NCBI (217)	Meta (96)
Alignment:
Format:
Order:	Tree Alphabetical
Sequence:	Inserts lower case All upper case
Gaps:
Download/view:	Download View

Download options

We make all of our alignments available in Stockholm format. You can download them here as raw, plain text files or as gzip-compressed files.

	Seed (13)	Full (234)	Representative proteomes				NCBI (217)	Meta (96)
	Seed (13)	Full (234)	RP15 (34)	RP35 (49)	RP55 (73)	RP75 (109)	NCBI (217)	Meta (96)
Raw Stockholm	Download	Download	Download	Download	Download	Download	Download	Download
Gzipped	Download	Download	Download	Download	Download	Download	Download	Download

You can also download a FASTA format file containing the full-length sequences for all sequences in the full alignment.

External links

MyHits provides a collection of tools to handle multiple sequence alignments. For example, one can refine a seed alignment (sequence addition or removal, re-alignment or manual edition) and then search databases for remote homologs using HMMER3.

HMM logo

HMM logos is one way of visualising profile HMMs. Logos provide a quick overview of the properties of an HMM in a graphical form. You can see a more detailed description of HMM logos and find out how you can interpret them here. More...

Trees

This page displays the phylogenetic tree for this family's seed alignment. We use FastTree to calculate neighbour join trees with a local bootstrap based on 100 resamples (shown next to the tree nodes). FastTree calculates approximately-maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees from our seed alignment.

Note: You can also download the data file for the tree.

Curation and family details

This section shows the detailed information about the Pfam family. You can see the definitions of many of the terms in this section in the glossary and a fuller explanation of the scoring system that we use in the scores section of the help pages.

Curation

Seed source:

Pfam-B_4529 (release 7.5)

Previous IDs:

none

Type:

Family

Author:

Waterfield DI, Finn RD

Number in seed:

13

Number in full:

234

Average length of the domain:

177.60 aa

Average identity of full alignment:

34 %

Average coverage of the sequence by the domain:

53.33 %

HMM information

HMM build commands:

build method: hmmbuild -o /dev/null HMM SEED

search method: hmmsearch -Z 23193494 -E 1000 --cpu 4 HMM pfamseq

Model details:

Parameter	Sequence	Domain
Gathering cut-off	19.8	19.8
Trusted cut-off	19.8	21.0
Noise cut-off	18.7	19.7

Model length:

214

Family (HMM) version:

8

Download:

download the raw HMM for this family

Species distribution

Sunburst
Tree

Sunburst controls

Show

This visualisation provides a simple graphical representation of the distribution of this family across species. You can find the original interactive tree in the adjacent tab. More...

This chart is a modified "sunburst" visualisation of the species tree for this family. It shows each node in the tree as a separate arc, arranged radially with the superkingdoms at the centre and the species arrayed around the outermost ring.

How the sunburst is generated

The tree is built by considering the taxonomic lineage of each sequence that has a match to this family. For each node in the resulting tree, we draw an arc in the sunburst. The radius of the arc, its distance from the root node at the centre of the sunburst, shows the taxonomic level ("superkingdom", "kingdom", etc). The length of the arc represents either the number of sequences represented at a given level, or the number of species that are found beneath the node in the tree. The weighting scheme can be changed using the sunburst controls.

In order to reduce the complexity of the representation, we reduce the number of taxonomic levels that we show. We consider only the following eight major taxonomic levels:

superkingdom
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species

Colouring and labels

Segments of the tree are coloured approximately according to their superkingdom. For example, archeal branches are coloured with shades of orange, eukaryotes in shades of purple, etc. The colour assignments are shown under the sunburst controls. Where space allows, the name of the taxonomic level will be written on the arc itself.

As you move your mouse across the sunburst, the current node will be highlighted. In the top section of the controls panel we show a summary of the lineage of the currently highlighed node. If you pause over an arc, a tooltip will be shown, giving the name of the taxonomic level in the title and a summary of the number of sequences and species below that node in the tree.

Anomalies in the taxonomy tree

There are some situations that the sunburst tree cannot easily handle and for which we have work-arounds in place.

Missing taxonomic levels

Some species in the taxonomic tree may not have one or more of the main eight levels that we display. For example, Bos taurus is not assigned an order in the NCBI taxonomic tree. In such cases we mark the omitted level with, for example, "No order", in both the tooltip and the lineage summary.

Unmapped species names

The tree is built by looking at each sequence in the full alignment for the family. We take the name of the species given by UniProt and try to map that to the full taxonomic tree from NCBI. In some cases, the name chosen by UniProt does not map to any node in the NCBI tree, perhaps because the chosen name is listed as a synonym or a misspelling in the NCBI taxonomy.

So that these nodes are not simply omitted from the sunburst tree, we group them together in a separate branch (or segment of the sunburst tree). Since we cannot determine the lineage for these unmapped species, we show all levels between the superkingdom and the species as "uncategorised".

Sub-species

Since we reduce the species tree to only the eight main taxonomic levels, sequences that are mapped to the sub-species level in the tree would not normally be shown. Rather than leave out these species, we map them instead to their parent species. So, for example, for sequences belonging to one of the Vibrio cholerae sub-species in the NCBI taxonomy, we show them instead as belonging to the species Vibrio cholerae.

Too many species/sequences

For large species trees, you may see blank regions in the outer layers of the sunburst. These occur when there are large numbers of arcs to be drawn in a small space. If an arc is less than approximately one pixel wide, it will not be drawn and the space will be left blank. You may still be able to get some information about the species in that region by moving your mouse across the area, but since each arc will be very small, it will be difficult to accurately locate a particular species.

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The tree shows the occurrence of this domain across different species. More...

Species trees

We show the species tree in one of two ways. For smaller trees we try to show an interactive representation, which allows you to select specific nodes in the tree and view them as an alignment or as a set of Pfam domain graphics.

Unfortunately we have found that there are problems viewing the interactive tree when the it becomes larger than a certain limit. Furthermore, we have found that Internet Explorer can become unresponsive when viewing some trees, regardless of their size. We therefore show a text representation of the species tree when the size is above a certain limit or if you are using Internet Explorer to view the site.

If you are using IE you can still load the interactive tree by clicking the "Generate interactive tree" button, but please be aware of the potential problems that the interactive species tree can cause.

Interactive tree

For all of the domain matches in a full alignment, we count the number that are found on all sequences in the alignment. This total is shown in the purple box.

We also count the number of unique sequences on which each domain is found, which is shown in green. Note that a domain may appear multiple times on the same sequence, leading to the difference between these two numbers.

Finally, we group sequences from the same organism according to the NCBI code that is assigned by UniProt, allowing us to count the number of distinct sequences on which the domain is found. This value is shown in the pink boxes.

We use the NCBI species tree to group organisms according to their taxonomy and this forms the structure of the displayed tree. Note that in some cases the trees are too large (have too many nodes) to allow us to build an interactive tree, but in most cases you can still view the tree in a plain text, non-interactive representation. Those species which are represented in the seed alignment for this domain are highlighted.

You can use the tree controls to manipulate how the interactive tree is displayed:

show/hide the summary boxes
highlight species that are represented in the seed alignment
expand/collapse the tree or expand it to a given depth
select a sub-tree or a set of species within the tree and view them graphically or as an alignment
save a plain text representation of the tree

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Please note: for large trees this can take some time. While the tree is loading, you can safely switch away from this tab but if you browse away from the family page entirely, the tree will not be loaded.

Archea	Eukaryota
Bacteria	Other sequences
Viruses	Unclassified
Viroids	Unclassified sequence

Family: OGFr_N (PF04664)

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Summary: Opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr) conserved region

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Contents

Function

Therapeutic applications

Structure

References

Further reading

Opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr) conserved region Provide feedback

Literature references

External database links

InterPro entry IPR006757

Gene Ontology

Domain organisation

Alignments

Alignment types

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Curation and family details

Curation

HMM information

Species distribution

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