Summary: SH3 domain
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SH3 domain Edit Wikipedia article
An SH3 domain is a protein module, a characteristic peptide sequence. It is used in signal transduction proteins, often in pathways involving tyrosin kinases. SH3 domains bind to proline-rich sequences (or polyproline helices).
SH3 domains have a consensus sequence:
-X-P-p-X-P-
1 2 3 4 5
with 1 and 4 being aliphatic amino acids, 2 and 5 always and 3 sometimes being proline. The sequence binds to the hydrophobic pocket of the SH3 domain.
SH3 domains are often found in functions concerning the cytoskeleton, the ras protein, and the src kinase. They also increase the substrate specificity of tyrosine kinases by binding far away from the catalytic center of the kinase.
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SH3 domain Provide feedback
SH3 (Src homology 3) domains are often indicative of a protein involved in signal transduction related to cytoskeletal organisation. First described in the Src cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase P12931. The structure is a partly opened beta barrel.
Literature references
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Kami K, Takeya R, Sumimoto H, Kohda D; , EMBO J 2002;21:4268-4276.: Diverse recognition of non-PxxP peptide ligands by the SH3 domains from p67(phox), Grb2 and Pex13p. PUBMED:12169629 EPMC:12169629
Internal database links
SCOOP: | hSH3 Peptidase_M50 SH2 SH3_10 SH3_16 SH3_2 SH3_3 SH3_4 SH3_9 Vexin |
Similarity to PfamA using HHSearch: | SH3_2 SH3_3 SH3_9 SH3_10 |
External database links
HOMSTRAD: | sh3 |
PRINTS: | PR00452 |
PROSITE: | PDOC50002 |
SCOP: | 1shf |
This tab holds annotation information from the InterPro database.
InterPro entry IPR001452
SH3 (src Homology-3) domains are small protein modules containing approximately 50 amino acid residues [ PUBMED:15335710 , PUBMED:11256992 ]. They are found in a great variety of intracellular or membrane-associated proteins [ PUBMED:1639195 , PUBMED:14731533 , PUBMED:7531822 ] for example, in a variety of proteins with enzymatic activity, in adaptor proteins, such as fodrin and yeast actin binding protein ABP-1.
The SH3 domain has a characteristic fold which consists of five or six beta-strands arranged as two tightly packed anti-parallel beta sheets. The linker regions may contain short helices. The surface of the SH3-domain bears a flat, hydrophobic ligand-binding pocket which consists of three shallow grooves defined by conservative aromatic residues in which the ligand adopts an extended left-handed helical arrangement. The ligand binds with low affinity but this may be enhanced by multiple interactions. The region bound by the SH3 domain is in all cases proline-rich and contains PXXP as a core-conserved binding motif. The function of the SH3 domain is not well understood but they may mediate many diverse processes such as increasing local concentration of proteins, altering their subcellular location and mediating the assembly of large multiprotein complexes [ PUBMED:7953536 ].
The crystal structure of the SH3 domain of the cytoskeletal protein spectrin, and the solution structures of SH3 domains of phospholipase C (PLC-y) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p85 alpha-subunit, have been determined [ PUBMED:1279434 , PUBMED:7684655 , PUBMED:7681365 ]. In spite of relatively limited sequence similarity, their overall structures are similar. The domains belong to the alpha+beta structural class, with 5 to 8 beta-strands forming 2 tightly-packed, anti-parallel beta-sheets arranged in a barrel-like structure, and intervening loops sometimes forming helices. Conserved aliphatic and aromatic residues form a hydrophobic core (A11, L23, A29, V34, W42, L52 and V59 in PLC-y [ PUBMED:7681365 ]) and a hydrophobic pocket on the molecular surface (L12, F13, W53 and P55 in PLC-y). The conserved core is believed to stabilise the fold, while the pocket is thought to serve as a binding site for target proteins. Conserved carboxylic amino acids located in the loops, on the periphery of the pocket (D14 and E22), may be involved in protein-protein interactions via proline-rich regions. The N- and C-terminal are packed in close proximity, indicating that they are independent structural modules.
Gene Ontology
The mapping between Pfam and Gene Ontology is provided by InterPro. If you use this data please cite InterPro.
Molecular function | protein binding (GO:0005515) |
Domain organisation
Below is a listing of the unique domain organisations or architectures in which this domain is found. More...
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Pfam Clan
This family is a member of clan SH3 (CL0010), which has the following description:
Src homology-3 (SH3) domains are comprised of about 60 amino acids, performing either an assembly or regulatory role. For example, SH3 domains in the Grb2 adaptor protein are essential for protein-protein interactions and signal transduction in the p21 Ras-dependent growth factor signaling pathway. Alternatively, SH3 performs a regulatory role in the Src family of tyrosine kinases. SH3 domains bind a variety of peptide ligands, many of which contain a PxxP motif. This PxxP motif is flanked by different specificity elements [1]. Structures of SH3 domains, both free and ligand complexed, have provided insights into the mechanism of ligand recognition. The SH3 fold consists of two anti-parallel beta sheets that lie at right angles to each other. Within the fold, there are two variable loops, referred to as RT and n-Src loops. When SH3 binds to its ligand, the proline rich ligand adopts a PPII helix conformation, with the PPII helix structure recognised by a pair of grooves on the surface of the SH3 domain that bind turns of the helix. The SH3 grooves are formed by a series of nearly parallel, well-conserved aromatic residues [1].
The clan contains the following 47 members:
CAP_GLY DUF150_C DUF1541 DUF1653 DUF2642 DUF3104 DUF3148 DUF3247 DUF3601 DUF4222 DUF4314 DUF4453 DUF4926 DUF5397 DUF5776 DUF951 Gemin7 GW hSH3 IN_DBD_C KapB MLVIN_C MSSS Myosin_N NdhS NifZ SH3_1 SH3_10 SH3_11 SH3_12 SH3_13 SH3_14 SH3_15 SH3_16 SH3_17 SH3_18 SH3_19 SH3_2 SH3_3 SH3_4 SH3_5 SH3_6 SH3_9 SlpA Spore_GerQ Vexin YjdMAlignments
We store a range of different sequence alignments for families. As well as the seed alignment from which the family is built, we provide the full alignment, generated by searching the sequence database (reference proteomes) using the family HMM. We also generate alignments using four representative proteomes (RP) sets and the UniProtKB sequence database. More...
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Seed (55) |
Full (92969) |
Representative proteomes | UniProt (146123) |
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RP15 (11658) |
RP35 (28186) |
RP55 (66817) |
RP75 (93857) |
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PP/heatmap | 1 |
1Cannot generate PP/Heatmap alignments for seeds; no PP data available
Key:
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Seed (55) |
Full (92969) |
Representative proteomes | UniProt (146123) |
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RP15 (11658) |
RP35 (28186) |
RP55 (66817) |
RP75 (93857) |
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Raw Stockholm | |||||||
Gzipped |
You can also download a FASTA format file containing the full-length sequences for all sequences in the full alignment.
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Curation and family details
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Curation
Seed source: | Prosite |
Previous IDs: | SH3; |
Type: | Domain |
Sequence Ontology: | SO:0000417 |
Author: |
Cerutti L, Sonnhammer ELL |
Number in seed: | 55 |
Number in full: | 92969 |
Average length of the domain: | 47.6 aa |
Average identity of full alignment: | 29 % |
Average coverage of the sequence by the domain: | 6.69 % |
HMM information
HMM build commands: |
build method: hmmbuild -o /dev/null HMM SEED
search method: hmmsearch -Z 61295632 -E 1000 --cpu 4 HMM pfamseq
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Model details: |
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Model length: | 48 | ||||||||||||
Family (HMM) version: | 31 | ||||||||||||
Download: | download the raw HMM for this family |
Species distribution
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Structures
For those sequences which have a structure in the Protein DataBank, we use the mapping between UniProt, PDB and Pfam coordinate systems from the PDBe group, to allow us to map Pfam domains onto UniProt sequences and three-dimensional protein structures. The table below shows the structures on which the SH3_1 domain has been found. There are 767 instances of this domain found in the PDB. Note that there may be multiple copies of the domain in a single PDB structure, since many structures contain multiple copies of the same protein sequence.
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AlphaFold Structure Predictions
The list of proteins below match this family and have AlphaFold predicted structures. Click on the protein accession to view the predicted structure.