Summary: Sugar (and other) transporter
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Sugar (and other) transporter Provide feedback
No Pfam abstract.
Internal database links
SCOOP: | Acatn ATG22 BT1 CLN3 DUF1129 Folate_carrier FPN1 LacY_symp MFS_1 MFS_1_like MFS_2 MFS_3 MFS_4 MFS_5 Multi_Drug_Res Nodulin-like Nuc_H_symport OATP PTR2 PUCC TMEM234 TRI12 UNC-93 |
Similarity to PfamA using HHSearch: | PTR2 OATP TRI12 MFS_1 MFS_1 MFS_1_like MFS_2 |
External database links
PRINTS: | PR00171 |
PROSITE: | PDOC00190 |
Transporter classification: | 2.A.1 2.A.2 |
This tab holds annotation information from the InterPro database.
InterPro entry IPR005828
This entry represents a subfamily of the major facilitator superfamily. Members in this family include sugar transporters, which are responsible for the binding and transport of various carbohydrates, organic alcohols, and acids in a wide range of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms [PUBMED:3839598]. Most but not all members of this family catalyse sugar transport [PUBMED:26098515].
Recent genome-sequencing data and a wealth of biochemical and molecular genetic investigations have revealed the occurrence of dozens of families of primary and secondary transporters. Two such families have been found to occur ubiquitously in all classifications of living organisms. These are the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily and the major facilitator superfamily (MFS), also called the uniporter-symporter-antiporter family. While ABC family permeases are in general multicomponent primary active transporters, capable of transporting both small molecules and macromolecules in response to ATP hydrolysis the MFS transporters are single-polypeptide secondary carriers capable only of transporting small solutes in response to chemiosmotic ion gradients. Although well over 100 families of transporters have now been recognised and classified, the ABC superfamily and MFS account for nearly half of the solute transporters encoded within the genomes of microorganisms. They are also prevalent in higher organisms. The importance of these two families of transport systems to living organisms can therefore not be overestimated [PUBMED:9529885].
The MFS was originally believed to function primarily in the uptake of sugars but subsequent studies revealed that drug efflux systems, Krebs cycle metabolites, organophosphate:phosphate exchangers, oligosaccharide:H1 symport permeases, and bacterial aromatic acid permeases were all members of the MFS. These observations led to the probability that the MFS is far more widespread in nature and far more diverse in function than had been thought previously. 17 subgroups of the MFS have been identified [PUBMED:9529885].
Evidence suggests that the MFS permeases arose by a tandem intragenic duplication event in the early prokaryotes. This event generated a 2-transmembrane-spanner (TMS) protein topology from a primordial 6-TMS unit. Surprisingly, all currently recognised MFS permeases retain the two six-TMS units within a single polypeptide chain, although in 3 of the 17 MFS families, an additional two TMSs are found [PUBMED:8987357]. Moreover, the well-conserved MFS specific motif between TMS2 and TMS3 and the related but less well conserved motif between TMS8 and TMS9 [PUBMED:1970645] prove to be a characteristic of virtually all of the more than 300 MFS proteins identified.
This family includes sugar and other type of transporters.
Gene Ontology
The mapping between Pfam and Gene Ontology is provided by InterPro. If you use this data please cite InterPro.
Cellular component | integral component of membrane (GO:0016021) |
Molecular function | transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0022857) |
Biological process | transmembrane transport (GO:0055085) |
Domain organisation
Below is a listing of the unique domain organisations or architectures in which this domain is found. More...
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Pfam Clan
This family is a member of clan MFS (CL0015), which has the following description:
The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) is one of the two largest families of membrane transporters found on Earth [1]. It is present ubiquitously in bacteria, archaea, and eukarya and includes members that can function by solute uniport, solute/cation symport, solute/cation antiport and/or solute/solute antiport with inwardly and/or outwardly directed polarity [1]. All permeases of the MFS possess either 12 or 14 transmembrane helices [1].
The clan contains the following 23 members:
Acatn ATG22 BT1 Folate_carrier FPN1 LacY_symp MFS_1 MFS_1_like MFS_2 MFS_3 MFS_4 MFS_5 MFS_Mycoplasma Nodulin-like Nuc_H_symport Nucleoside_tran OATP PTR2 PUCC Sugar_tr TLC TRI12 UNC-93Alignments
We store a range of different sequence alignments for families. As well as the seed alignment from which the family is built, we provide the full alignment, generated by searching the sequence database (reference proteomes) using the family HMM. We also generate alignments using four representative proteomes (RP) sets, the UniProtKB sequence database, the NCBI sequence database, and our metagenomics sequence database. More...
View options
We make a range of alignments for each Pfam-A family. You can see a description of each above. You can view these alignments in various ways but please note that some types of alignment are never generated while others may not be available for all families, most commonly because the alignments are too large to handle.
Seed (33) |
Full (99230) |
Representative proteomes | UniProt (228808) |
NCBI (1048042) |
Meta (4735) |
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RP15 (10769) |
RP35 (37425) |
RP55 (71186) |
RP75 (119714) |
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PP/heatmap | 1 |
1Cannot generate PP/Heatmap alignments for seeds; no PP data available
Key:
available,
not generated,
— not available.
Format an alignment
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We make all of our alignments available in Stockholm format. You can download them here as raw, plain text files or as gzip-compressed files.
Seed (33) |
Full (99230) |
Representative proteomes | UniProt (228808) |
NCBI (1048042) |
Meta (4735) |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RP15 (10769) |
RP35 (37425) |
RP55 (71186) |
RP75 (119714) |
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Raw Stockholm | |||||||||
Gzipped |
You can also download a FASTA format file containing the full-length sequences for all sequences in the full alignment.
HMM logo
HMM logos is one way of visualising profile HMMs. Logos provide a quick overview of the properties of an HMM in a graphical form. You can see a more detailed description of HMM logos and find out how you can interpret them here. More...
Trees
This page displays the phylogenetic tree for this family's seed alignment. We use FastTree to calculate neighbour join trees with a local bootstrap based on 100 resamples (shown next to the tree nodes). FastTree calculates approximately-maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees from our seed alignment.
Note: You can also download the data file for the tree.
Curation and family details
This section shows the detailed information about the Pfam family. You can see the definitions of many of the terms in this section in the glossary and a fuller explanation of the scoring system that we use in the scores section of the help pages.
Curation
Seed source: | Prosite hmmls-iteration |
Previous IDs: | sugar_tr; |
Type: | Family |
Sequence Ontology: | SO:0100021 |
Author: |
Sonnhammer ELL |
Number in seed: | 33 |
Number in full: | 99230 |
Average length of the domain: | 367.80 aa |
Average identity of full alignment: | 18 % |
Average coverage of the sequence by the domain: | 79.44 % |
HMM information
HMM build commands: |
build method: hmmbuild -o /dev/null HMM SEED
search method: hmmsearch -Z 47079205 -E 1000 --cpu 4 HMM pfamseq
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Model details: |
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Model length: | 452 | ||||||||||||
Family (HMM) version: | 25 | ||||||||||||
Download: | download the raw HMM for this family |
Species distribution
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Selections
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This visualisation provides a simple graphical representation of the distribution of this family across species. You can find the original interactive tree in the adjacent tab. More...
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Structures
For those sequences which have a structure in the Protein DataBank, we use the mapping between UniProt, PDB and Pfam coordinate systems from the PDBe group, to allow us to map Pfam domains onto UniProt sequences and three-dimensional protein structures. The table below shows the structures on which the Sugar_tr domain has been found. There are 28 instances of this domain found in the PDB. Note that there may be multiple copies of the domain in a single PDB structure, since many structures contain multiple copies of the same protein sequence.
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